中，首先是對時間、空間的一種描述和界定，進而成為中國古代知識體系和價值體 系里的一個核心觀念和標準。在具體實踐中，符合中的事物、行為等大多被賦予了 尊貴、美好、善良、和合等價值訴求和象征意義。 我國古代都城在選址與規(guī)劃營建中，將對中的追求發(fā)揮到了極致，提出擇天 下之中而立國，擇國之中而立宮，即在疆域的中心位置定都，在都城的中心位置營建 王宮。為進一步強化這種中的布局的神圣威嚴與對稱和諧，必須要在中之上及 周圍規(guī)劃有相應功能與內(nèi)涵的建筑和空間。這事實上就形成了一條貫通都城核心區(qū)域、 統(tǒng)領都城空間布局和凸顯王權尊貴，并具有對稱與韻律之美的都城中軸線�！吨芏Y·考 工記》（以下簡稱《考工記》）將這種理想的都城規(guī)劃格局概括為匠人營國，方九里， 旁三門。國中九經(jīng)九緯，經(jīng)涂九軌，左祖右社，面朝后市，市朝一夫，涵蓋了都城規(guī) 模、城門布局、道路規(guī)劃及太廟、社稷壇、宮殿、市廛等的位置、面積等內(nèi)容。在這樣 的格局下，中軸線的構成、功能與象征意義無疑得到了最大程度的強調(diào)。 001在歷代都城軸線中，北京中軸線是最接近《考工記》中所描述的理想都城中軸線的 范式，堪稱中國理想都城秩序的杰作，也是梁思成先生眼中的世界上就沒有第二個 的奇跡。 習近平總書記在北京考察時指出：北京歷史文化是中華文明源遠流長的偉大見證， 要更加精心保護好，凸顯北京歷史文化的整體價值，強化首都風范、古都風韻、時代 風貌的城市特色。而北京中軸線正是積淀厚重的北京歷史文化中的杰出范例，是代 表這座城市乃至中華文明的金名片。要探尋這一皇皇巨制，了解古人的匠心藻思， 加入今天的傳承保護，不妨從探訪中軸線遺產(chǎn)點上的若干古建筑、文物、展覽開始。這 些展覽從相應遺產(chǎn)點在中軸線上的功能和定位出發(fā)，詮釋相應的歷史文化內(nèi)涵，生動、 直觀而接地氣，各美其美、美美與共，構成了以北京中軸線為主題的展覽體系，呈 現(xiàn)出一幅北京中軸線文化傳播的多彩拼圖，也是發(fā)揮歷史博物展覽見證歷史、以史鑒 今、啟迪后人等功用的絕好例證。 2024 年 7 月 27 日，在印度新德里舉行的聯(lián)合國教科文組織第 46 屆世界遺產(chǎn)大會通 過決議，將北京中軸線中國理想都城秩序的杰作列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》，標志 著歷經(jīng)十二載，北京中軸線申遺成功，成為中國最具代表性的文化瑰寶之一。 002003 Preface Zhong, initially a description of measurement used in time and space, now has become a core concept and standard in the ancient Chinese knowledge system and value system. In practical terms, things and behavior that conform to Zhong are endowed with values and symbolic meanings such as nobility, goodness, kindness, and harmony. In the process of siting and planning ancient Chinese capital cities, the pursuit of Zhong was taken to the extreme. It was proposed to choose the center of the world to establish a state, and choose the center of the state to establish a palace. This means selecting the central location within the territory as the capital and constructing the royal palace at the center of the capital. In order to further strengthen the sacredness, symmetry, and harmony of this Zhong layout, it was necessary to plan corresponding buildings and spaces based on the concept of Zhong. This, in fact, gave birth to a central axis that connected the core area of the capital, guided the spatial layout of the capital, and highlighted the dignity of the monarchy with symmetric beauty. Artiffcers Record summarized this ideal urban planning pattern as follows: Craftsmen build the capital in the shape of a square with the side length of nine li, with three gates on each side. Within the capital, there are nine northsouth roads and nine east-west avenues, each of which can accommodate nine carriages running in parallel. To the left is the ancestral temple, and to the right is the altar of land and grain. In front of the palace is the place where courtiers pay homage, and behind it is the market. The market and the place of homage are each a square with sides of one hundred steps. It covers the scale of the capital, the layout of the city gates, road planning, as well as the positions and areas of the imperial ancestral temple, the altar of land and grain, the palace, and the market. In this urban planning pattern, there is no doubt that the construction, function, and symbolic meaning of the central axis are given the utmost emphasis. Among the axial lines of ancient capitals throughout history, Beijing Central Axis is the closest paradigm to the ideal axial line described in the book Artiffcers Record. Beijing Central Axis can be regarded as a masterpiece of the ideal urban planning in China and was considered by Liang Sicheng as a unique miracle in the world that has no equal. President Xi Jinping pointed out during his inspection in Beijing that, Beijings rich historical and cultural heritage is a great witness to the long-standing Chinese civilization. We must protect it with greater care, highlight the overall value of Beijings historical and cultural heritage, and strengthen the citys characteristics as the capital, an ancient city and a city which reffects the spirit of the times. The Beijing Central Axis is an outstanding example of the profound historical and cultural heritage of Beijing. It is a golden business card, representing not only the city itself but also the Chinese civilization as a whole. To explore this grand project, understand the ingenuity of ancient craftsmen, and contribute to its preservation in modern times, one can start by going to the historic buildings, cultural relics, and exhibitions at various heritage sites along the central axis. These exhibitions are based on the functions and positioning of corresponding heritage sites along the central axis, interpreting their historical and cultural connotations in a vivid, intuitive, and 004down-to-earth manner. Each of these exhibitions presents the beauty of their respective subjects while sharing a common beauty, forming an exhibition system centered around Beijing Central Axis. They present a colorful mosaic of cultural dissemination along the central axis and serve as excellent examples of historical museum exhibitions that fulffll functions such as witnessing history, drawing lessons from the past, and enlightening future generations. On July 27, 2024, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, at its 46th session held in New Delhi, India, adopted a decision to inscribeBeijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capitalon the World Heritage List. This marks the successful inscription of Beijing Central Axis after twelve years of dedicated nomination efforts, establishing it as one of Chinas most representative cultural treasures.